technologist | 24 Jan, 2008, 04:45 |
Technology | (215 Reads)
Traditionally, the cogeneration of steam and electricity has been restricted to plants that generate superheated steam, making the recovery of energy losses from saturated steam impossible for many industrial sites ranging from distilleries to pharmaceutical plants and pulp-and-paper mills.
Pennat International Corp promised to change that with the introduction of its new Energy Conversion System (ECS) Series of saturated steam turbines Read More....
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technologist | 01 Nov, 2007, 21:49 |
Technology | (369 Reads)
CompaBloc - A True Cross Flow Plate Heat Exchanger - from Alfa Laval may soon replace big size conventional S&Ts in the chemical process industry due to their very high U, Clean Service for longer, Very low (~25-35%) footprint area requirement. The current article is based on our actual experience in our plant. Read More....
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technologist | 25 Sep, 2007, 02:33 |
Technology | (297 Reads)
Mechanical vacuum boosters are dry pumps that meet most of the ideal vacuum pump requirements. They work on positive displacement principle and are used to boost the performance of water ring / oil ring / rotating vane / piston pumps and steam or water ejectors. They are used in combination with any one of the mentioned pumps, to overcome their limitations. Vacuum boosters pumps offer very desirable characteristics, which make them the most cost effective and power efficient option. Read More...
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technologist | 15 Aug, 2007, 21:17 |
Technology | (410 Reads)
A new catalyst that can split carbon dioxide gas could allow us to use carbon from the atmosphere as a fuel source in a similar way to plants. "Breaking open the very stable bonds in CO2 is one of the biggest challenges in synthetic chemistry," says Frederic Goettmann, a chemist at the Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces in Potsdam, Germany. "But plants have been doing it for millions of years." Read More...
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technologist | 26 Jul, 2007, 05:11 |
Technology | (287 Reads)
An industrial chemical found in antifreeze, de-icing fluids, and liquid detergents could soon stand alongside animal feeds, sweeteners and cooking oil as a commercial product made from corn. Randy Cortright and James Dumesic, chemical engineers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, have invented a catalytic process for converting the corn-derived compound, lactic acid, into the chemical polypropylene glycol. More than 450 MT of polypropylene glycol are used in the United States annually.
Trackback URL: http://www.chemicalblogs.com/trackback.php?id=331
technologist | 20 Jul, 2007, 02:27 |
Technology | (207 Reads)
Researchers are studying the viability of creating electricity from microbes that are continuously fed with wastewater. If this technology reaches a proven and commercially realizable point, we could see a new edge technology in power generation.
Researchers from the University of Washington in St. Louis have been working on microbial fuel cell that generates electricity from wastewater. The science behind this technology is quite simple. Wastewater contains, among other things, organic matter. This organic matter can serve as a feedstock for many bacterial reactions. Read More....
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technologist | 20 Jul, 2007, 02:24 |
Technology | (201 Reads)
Forget cars fuelled by alcohol and vegetable oil. Before long, you might be able to run your car with nothing more than water in its fuel tank. It would be the ultimate zero-emissions vehicle.
While water, plain old H2O, is not at first sight an obvious power source, it has a key virtue: it is an abundant source of hydrogen, the element widely touted as the green fuel of the future. If that hydrogen could be liberated on demand, it would overcome many of the obstacles that till now have prevented the dream of a hydrogen-powered car becoming reality. Producing hydrogen by conventional industrial means is expensive, inefficient and often polluting. Then there are the problems of storing and transporting hydrogen. The pressure tanks required to hold usable quantities of the fuel are heavy and cumbersome, which restricts the car's performance and range.
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technologist | 20 Jul, 2007, 02:21 |
Technology | (235 Reads)
Bio - Butanol Can be made from natural sugar or starch including waste materials. Costs less than ethanol. Has 92% of the energy content of gasoline. Mixes well with gasoline or ethanol. Evaporates more slowly than either gasoline or ethanol. Can be used in place of gasoline with no engine or fuel system changes. Makes usable hydrogen as a by product. Higher energy content (110,000 Btu’s per gallon for butanol vs. 84,000 Btu per gallon for ethanol). Gasoline contains about 115,000 Btu’s per gallon.
Read More.... (More)
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technologist | 17 Jul, 2007, 22:18 |
Technology | (163 Reads)
Chemical engineers Richard D. Offeman and George H. Robertson at the ARS Western Regional Research Center in Albany, Calif., think it may be possible to cut energy costs by using a series of specially designed permeable plastic sheets, or membranes, to produce ethanol from fermented broths of corn, or straw and other kinds of biomass feedstocks.
The technology will help to address the serious concern regarding the energy efficiency of bioethanol production, according to Robert L. Fireovid, ARS national program leader for process engineering and chemistry, Beltsville, Md. Read More......
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technologist | 07 Jul, 2007, 09:35 |
Technology | (318 Reads)
This is in continuation of my previous article on 'Thermodynamics of Thermal Cycles' & is related to practical aspects of it.
All standard heat engines (steam, gasoline, diesel) work by supplying heat to a gas, the gas then expands in a cylinder and pushes a piston to do its work. The catch is that the heat and/or the gas must somehow then be dumped out of the cylinder to get ready for the next cycle. Read More......
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technologist | 04 Jul, 2007, 23:12 |
Technology | (144 Reads)
Packed towers almost always have lower pressure drop than comparable tray towers. Packing is often retrofitted into existing tray towers, to increase capacity or separation. Thus same size of packed towers can handle more than tray towers. For gas flow rates of 500 ft3/min (14 m3/min) use 1 in (2.5 cm) packing, for gas flows of 2000 ft3/min (57 m3/min) or more, use 2 in (5 cm) packing.
Read More....
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technologist | 04 Jul, 2007, 01:07 |
Technology | (143 Reads)
Dr Wayne Campbell and researchers in the Massey University centre have developed a range of coloured dyes for use in dye-sensitised solar cells.
The synthetic dyes are made from simple organic compounds closely related to those found in nature. The green dye is synthetic chlorophyll derived from the light-harvesting pigment plants use for photosynthesis. Other dyes being tested in the cells are based on haemoglobin, the compound that give blood its colour.
Trackback URL: http://www.chemicalblogs.com/trackback.php?id=273
technologist | 02 Jul, 2007, 20:46 |
Technology | (165 Reads)
With U.S. biodiesel production at an all-time high and a record number of new biodiesel plants under construction, the industry is facing an impending crisis over waste glycerin, the major byproduct of biodiesel production. New findings from Rice University suggest a possible answer in the form of a bacterium that ferments glycerin and produces ethanol, another popular biofuel.
Trackback URL: http://www.chemicalblogs.com/trackback.php?id=267
technologist | 02 Jul, 2007, 01:42 |
Technology | (168 Reads)
Deluge, Inc. has developed a thermal hydraulic engine that is now ready for commercialization. The company has successfully completed long term field testing of the technology, and has obtained patents on the design in nearly 40 industrialized countries world wide.
The Natural Energy Engine™, requires no combustion, operates virtually silently, and generates no emissions. It operates by utilizing low level heat energy ~80°C suitable for many applications, from solar, geothermal, or any other heat source, including waste heat from existing processes.
The main components of the engine system are quite simple – a piston/cylinder and a heat transfer system. The cylinder contains a piston and a working fluid, and depending on the application may have a module to reposition the piston after each stroke. The heat transfer system comprises heat exchangers, a system to circulate the heat transfer fluid (typically water), and a simple circulation controller.
The key difference between a traditional combustion engine and the NE Engine is that the NE Engine relies on the transfer of heat to, and its subsequent removal from, a working fluid within the cylinder. As the working fluid is heated it expands, providing the pressure to drive the piston, and is subsequently cooled to complete the cycle.
The Company projects that engine configurations can easily be priced at 60-85% of power systems that produce equivalent output.
The NE Engine creates mechanical energy in a three step process:
Step 1: Heated water is collected – for many applications 80°C is suitable.
Step 2: The hot water enters a heat exchanger where the heat is transferred to a working fluid. The working fluid, typically liquefied CO2, has a very high coefficient of expansion, meaning that it expands and contracts significantly, based on its temperature, while remaining in a liquid state. As the working fluid is heated, it expands, pushing a piston in the engine’s cylinder.
Step 3: Cooling water – generally in the range of 100° F lower than the input water, with varying differentials depending on the application – then enters the heat exchanger causing the working fluid to contract, readying the piston for another stroke.
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technologist | 29 Jun, 2007, 23:20 |
Technology | (153 Reads)
Interest in recovery of carbon dioxide (CO2) from flue gases / any other gas is being propelled by multiple factors, which may vary from merchant CO2 market, Enhanced oil recovery (EOR), and pressure of GHG emissions. In fact, it has always been a problem to all. For reading full article please click here
Trackback URL: http://www.chemicalblogs.com/trackback.php?id=251
technologist | 28 Jun, 2007, 23:06 |
Technology | (186 Reads)
Steam reforming of hydrocarbons for ammonia production was introduced in 1930. Since then, the technology has experienced revolutionary changes in its energy consumption patterns. Ranging from an early level of 20 Gcal/tonne (79.4 MBtu/tonne) to about 7 Gcal/tonne (27.8 MBtu/tonne) in the last decade of the 20th century. The energy intensive nature of the process is the key driving force for improving the technology and reducing the overall cost of manufacturing. Looking further ahead, we'll review some potentially significant developments and concepts that may impact the manner in which ammonia is produced. Some of these manufacturing routes are being tested or employed at a few plants around the world, but have yet to be fully developed into commercial processes. We'll also review more traditional approaches to ammonia manufacturing along the way.
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